#003 comfort, collectively2024 —, ongoing
As the threat of extreme heat grows in desert cities, the concept of a cooling center is vital yet remains largely misunderstood and underutilized. Today's cooling centers are often rudimentary, designated spaces with a sign out front, where any existing building or vast spaces like stadiums or warehouses are transformed temporarily to provide a brief respite from the heat. Such setups, however, fall short of fostering a sense of community or addressing the deeper, ongoing needs of those they serve. Many of these centers lack essential amenities like food, internet, and engaging activities, making it hard for people to imagine spending hours there, no matter how dangerously hot it might be outside.

Collective Comfort explores the potential for a new, integrated approach to community cooling. This exhibit envisions cooling centers not merely as air-conditioned spaces but as hubs of collective comfort that prioritize resilience through social engagement and collective bodily joy. In rethinking these spaces, these design prototypes examine how architecture can foster environments that don’t merely cool but actively bring people together. Drawing inspiration from ancient desert civilizations, where communal interaction and sensory pleasure were crucial, the exhibition reconsiders how design can promote both thermal comfort and community well-being. 

Moving away from the homogeneity of standardized cooling, these designs allow for a range of thermal experiences, inviting visitors to explore how diverse spaces can serve distinct programs. At the heart of this approach is a challenge to the reliance on fossil-fuel-based, single-family home cooling, proposing instead a shift toward collective resilience. Through these spaces, neighborhoods can redefine comfort and deepen their understanding of climate adaptation—creating cooling centers that serve as pillars of social resilience. Through detailed design studies, spatial frameworks, and material prototypes focused on the Phoenix Metro Area, Collective Comfort offers new visions for resilience as part of the cultural and physical landscape. 


Type: Exhibition, Design-Research, Materials
Location: Center for Architecture + Design, San Francisco
Date: Nov 21 — Feb 06, 2024
Team: Kyra Johnston, Annette Ho 
Photography: Matthew Millman

#002 prepared mass2024
In desert environments, thermally massive buildings and their architects can “prepare mass” that enables human habitation in hot, arid climates. Historically, thermally massive buildings made of earth, stone, and clay regulated indoor temperatures by taking advantage of wide diurnal swing that consisted of high daytime temperatures with low nighttime temperatures. Heat absorbed into the mass during the day was released at night. 


Today, nightime temperatures no longer drop significantly enough to enable such intelligent and low energy, passive material strategies. A high volume of concrete and asphalt in desert cities creates an urban heat island effect where sidewalks, parking lots and streets radiate the heat they have collected during the day off at night. With little to no night time cooling available in desert cities, can the material intelligence of thermal mass, stack ventilation and energy storage still be harnessed to prevent buildings from overheating? Designers need to update how we build with thermal mass to engage with contemporary construction methods, industries, and trends of hot nightime temperatures in a changed desert climate. The exhibit displays three full-scale building portions or prototypes for incorporating these ancient and intelligent material technologies into contemporary construction methods.


Type: Exhibition, Design-Research, Materials
Location: Center for Architecture + Design, San Francisco
Date: Nov 21 — Feb 06, 2024
Graphics: Bianca Ibarlucea
Team: Deniz Atayolu, Catherine Chiu, Xinhui Harper Dong, David Lin, Chloe Wang, Wenteng Zhao
Photography: Matthew Millman

#001 collective comfort2024, ongoing
The (Im)material Matters Lab at the University of California, presents Collective Comfort: Airing on Possibilities, an innovative exhibition examining climate resilience in desert cities. Opening November 21, 2024, at the Center for Architecture + Design in San Francisco, the exhibition highlights design-research, full-scale prototypes, and student work that address the urgent need for alternative cooling solutions in regions facing extreme heat.

Type: Exhibition, Design-Research, Materials
Location: Center for Architecture + Design, San Francisco
Date: Nov 21 — Feb 06, 2024
Graphics: Bianca Ibarlucea

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